/**
 * ============================================================================
 * DESIGN SYSTEM: AI GEOPOLITICS SCROLLY-TELLING WEBSITE
 * ============================================================================
 * 
 * Project: "The Geopolitics of Artificial Intelligence: 
 *          Sovereignty, Power, and the Future of World Order"
 * 
 * Design Philosophy:
 * - Editorial/magazine aesthetic with high information density
 * - Sophisticated, light theme (NOT cyberpunk/dark)
 * - Academic gravitas suitable for geopolitical intelligence content
 * - Subtle, elegant animations (not flashy)
 * - Professional typography with clear hierarchy
 * 
 * Technical Stack:
 * - Tailwind CSS v4 via CDN
 * - GSAP for scroll-triggered animations
 * - Lucide icons
 * - Vanilla HTML/CSS/JS (no frameworks)
 * 
 * ============================================================================
 */

/* ==========================================================================
   SECTION 1: CSS CUSTOM PROPERTIES (Design Tokens)
   ========================================================================== */

:root {
  /* -------------------------------------------------------------------------
     1.1 COLOR SYSTEM - Sophisticated Light Theme
     
     Palette Philosophy:
     - Deep navy for authority and gravitas (primary text)
     - Warm terracotta for energy and emphasis (highlights)
     - Cream/off-white for comfortable reading (backgrounds)
     - Sage green for calm wisdom (special callouts)
     ------------------------------------------------------------------------- */
  
  /* Primary Colors - Navy/Slate Family */
  --color-primary-900: #0f172a;    /* Deepest navy - hero text */
  --color-primary-800: #1e293b;    /* Dark slate - headings */
  --color-primary-700: #334155;    /* Medium slate - subheadings */
  --color-primary-600: #475569;    /* Slate - body emphasis */
  --color-primary-500: #64748b;    /* Muted slate - secondary text */
  --color-primary-400: #94a3b8;    /* Light slate - captions */
  --color-primary-300: #cbd5e1;    /* Pale slate - borders */
  --color-primary-200: #e2e8f0;    /* Very pale - dividers */
  --color-primary-100: #f1f5f9;    /* Near white - subtle backgrounds */
  
  /* Secondary Colors - Warm Terracotta/Amber */
  --color-secondary-600: #c2410c;  /* Deep terracotta - strong accent */
  --color-secondary-500: #ea580c;  /* Terracotta - primary accent */
  --color-secondary-400: #f97316;  /* Amber - hover states */
  --color-secondary-300: #fb923c;  /* Light amber - subtle highlights */
  --color-secondary-200: #fed7aa;  /* Pale amber - backgrounds */
  --color-secondary-100: #fff7ed;  /* Cream amber - tint backgrounds */
  
  /* Accent Colors - Sage Green (Wisdom, Balance) */
  --color-accent-600: #166534;     /* Deep sage - important callouts */
  --color-accent-500: #15803d;     /* Sage green - accent */
  --color-accent-400: #22c55e;     /* Bright sage - highlights */
  --color-accent-300: #86efac;     /* Light sage - subtle accents */
  --color-accent-200: #bbf7d0;     /* Pale sage - backgrounds */
  --color-accent-100: #f0fdf4;     /* Tint sage - very subtle */
  
  /* Background Colors - Warm Neutrals */
  --color-bg-primary: #faf9f7;     /* Warm off-white - main background */
  --color-bg-secondary: #f5f3f0;   /* Slightly darker - sections */
  --color-bg-tertiary: #efece8;    /* Warm gray - alternate sections */
  --color-surface: #ffffff;        /* Pure white - cards, elevated */
  --color-surface-elevated: #ffffff; /* Shadowed surfaces */
  
  /* Semantic Color Aliases */
  --color-text-primary: var(--color-primary-800);
  --color-text-secondary: var(--color-primary-600);
  --color-text-muted: var(--color-primary-500);
  --color-text-caption: var(--color-primary-400);
  
  --color-border-light: var(--color-primary-200);
  --color-border-medium: var(--color-primary-300);
  --color-border-strong: var(--color-primary-400);
  
  /* Status/Feedback Colors */
  --color-info: #0369a1;           /* Deep blue for info */
  --color-info-light: #e0f2fe;     /* Light blue background */
  --color-warning: #b45309;        /* Amber for warnings */
  --color-warning-light: #fef3c7;  /* Light amber background */
  --color-success: #15803d;        /* Green for success */
  --color-success-light: #dcfce7;  /* Light green background */
  
  /* -------------------------------------------------------------------------
     1.2 TYPOGRAPHY SYSTEM - Editorial Hierarchy
     
     Font Families:
     - Headings: Playfair Display (serif) - editorial gravitas
     - Body: Inter (sans-serif) - clean readability
     - Monospace: JetBrains Mono - code, data, citations
     ------------------------------------------------------------------------- */
  
  /* Font Families */
  --font-heading: 'Playfair Display', Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;
  --font-body: 'Inter', -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, 'Segoe UI', Roboto, sans-serif;
  --font-mono: 'JetBrains Mono', 'Fira Code', 'Consolas', monospace;
  
  /* Type Scale - Major Third (1.25) with adjustments */
  --text-xs: 0.75rem;      /* 12px - captions, metadata */
  --text-sm: 0.875rem;     /* 14px - small text, labels */
  --text-base: 1rem;       /* 16px - body text */
  --text-lg: 1.125rem;     /* 18px - lead paragraphs */
  --text-xl: 1.25rem;      /* 20px - small headings */
  --text-2xl: 1.5rem;      /* 24px - h4 */
  --text-3xl: 1.875rem;    /* 30px - h3 */
  --text-4xl: 2.25rem;     /* 36px - h2 */
  --text-5xl: 3rem;        /* 48px - h1 */
  --text-6xl: 3.75rem;     /* 60px - hero */
  --text-7xl: 4.5rem;      /* 72px - display */
  
  /* Line Heights */
  --leading-none: 1;           /* Headings */
  --leading-tight: 1.2;        /* Large headings */
  --leading-snug: 1.35;        /* Subheadings */
  --leading-normal: 1.6;       /* Body text */
  --leading-relaxed: 1.75;     /* Long-form reading */
  --leading-loose: 2;          /* Spacious text */
  
  /* Letter Spacing */
  --tracking-tighter: -0.05em; /* Large display */
  --tracking-tight: -0.025em;  /* Headings */
  --tracking-normal: 0;        /* Body */
  --tracking-wide: 0.025em;    /* Small caps */
  --tracking-wider: 0.05em;    /* Labels */
  --tracking-widest: 0.1em;    /* Uppercase labels */
  
  /* Font Weights */
  --font-light: 300;
  --font-normal: 400;
  --font-medium: 500;
  --font-semibold: 600;
  --font-bold: 700;
  --font-black: 900;
  
  /* -------------------------------------------------------------------------
     1.3 SPACING SYSTEM - Consistent Rhythm
     
     Based on 4px grid (0.25rem increments)
     ------------------------------------------------------------------------- */
  
  --space-0: 0;
  --space-px: 1px;
  --space-0-5: 0.125rem;   /* 2px */
  --space-1: 0.25rem;      /* 4px */
  --space-1-5: 0.375rem;   /* 6px */
  --space-2: 0.5rem;       /* 8px */
  --space-2-5: 0.625rem;   /* 10px */
  --space-3: 0.75rem;      /* 12px */
  --space-3-5: 0.875rem;   /* 14px */
  --space-4: 1rem;         /* 16px */
  --space-5: 1.25rem;      /* 20px */
  --space-6: 1.5rem;       /* 24px */
  --space-7: 1.75rem;      /* 28px */
  --space-8: 2rem;         /* 32px */
  --space-9: 2.25rem;      /* 36px */
  --space-10: 2.5rem;      /* 40px */
  --space-11: 2.75rem;     /* 44px */
  --space-12: 3rem;        /* 48px */
  --space-14: 3.5rem;      /* 56px */
  --space-16: 4rem;        /* 64px */
  --space-20: 5rem;        /* 80px */
  --space-24: 6rem;        /* 96px */
  --space-28: 7rem;        /* 112px */
  --space-32: 8rem;        /* 128px */
  --space-36: 9rem;        /* 144px */
  --space-40: 10rem;       /* 160px */
  --space-44: 11rem;       /* 176px */
  --space-48: 12rem;       /* 192px */
  --space-52: 13rem;       /* 208px */
  --space-56: 14rem;       /* 224px */
  --space-60: 15rem;       /* 240px */
  --space-64: 16rem;       /* 256px */
  --space-72: 18rem;       /* 288px */
  --space-80: 20rem;       /* 320px */
  --space-96: 24rem;       /* 384px */
  
  /* -------------------------------------------------------------------------
     1.4 LAYOUT SYSTEM - Container & Grid
     ------------------------------------------------------------------------- */
  
  /* Container Widths */
  --container-xs: 20rem;       /* 320px */
  --container-sm: 24rem;       /* 384px */
  --container-md: 28rem;       /* 448px */
  --container-lg: 32rem;       /* 512px */
  --container-xl: 36rem;       /* 576px */
  --container-2xl: 42rem;      /* 672px */
  --container-3xl: 48rem;      /* 768px */
  --container-4xl: 56rem;      /* 896px */
  --container-5xl: 64rem;      /* 1024px */
  --container-6xl: 72rem;      /* 1152px */
  --container-7xl: 80rem;      /* 1280px */
  --container-full: 100%;
  
  /* Content Widths for Reading */
  --content-narrow: 45ch;      /* Optimal reading width */
  --content-default: 65ch;     /* Standard article width */
  --content-wide: 75ch;        /* Wide content */
  
  /* Grid Configuration */
  --grid-columns: 12;
  --grid-gap: var(--space-6);
  --grid-gap-sm: var(--space-4);
  --grid-gap-lg: var(--space-8);
  
  /* -------------------------------------------------------------------------
     1.5 BORDER & SHADOW SYSTEM
     ------------------------------------------------------------------------- */
  
  /* Border Radius */
  --radius-none: 0;
  --radius-sm: 0.125rem;   /* 2px */
  --radius-md: 0.25rem;    /* 4px */
  --radius-lg: 0.5rem;     /* 8px */
  --radius-xl: 0.75rem;    /* 12px */
  --radius-2xl: 1rem;      /* 16px */
  --radius-3xl: 1.5rem;    /* 24px */
  --radius-full: 9999px;
  
  /* Border Width */
  --border-width: 1px;
  --border-width-2: 2px;
  --border-width-4: 4px;
  
  /* Shadows - Subtle, editorial */
  --shadow-sm: 0 1px 2px 0 rgba(15, 23, 42, 0.05);
  --shadow-md: 0 4px 6px -1px rgba(15, 23, 42, 0.08), 
               0 2px 4px -2px rgba(15, 23, 42, 0.04);
  --shadow-lg: 0 10px 15px -3px rgba(15, 23, 42, 0.08), 
               0 4px 6px -4px rgba(15, 23, 42, 0.04);
  --shadow-xl: 0 20px 25px -5px rgba(15, 23, 42, 0.08), 
               0 8px 10px -6px rgba(15, 23, 42, 0.04);
  --shadow-2xl: 0 25px 50px -12px rgba(15, 23, 42, 0.15);
  --shadow-inner: inset 0 2px 4px 0 rgba(15, 23, 42, 0.05);
  
  /* -------------------------------------------------------------------------
     1.6 ANIMATION SYSTEM - Timing & Easing
     
     Philosophy: Subtle, elegant, purposeful
     - Never flashy or distracting
     - Enhance understanding, not decoration
     ------------------------------------------------------------------------- */
  
  /* Durations */
  --duration-instant: 0ms;
  --duration-fast: 150ms;
  --duration-normal: 300ms;
  --duration-slow: 500ms;
  --duration-slower: 700ms;
  --duration-slowest: 1000ms;
  
  /* Easing Functions */
  --ease-linear: linear;
  --ease-in: cubic-bezier(0.4, 0, 1, 1);
  --ease-out: cubic-bezier(0, 0, 0.2, 1);
  --ease-in-out: cubic-bezier(0.4, 0, 0.2, 1);
  
  /* Custom Editorial Easings */
  --ease-out-expo: cubic-bezier(0.16, 1, 0.3, 1);      /* Dramatic entrance */
  --ease-out-quart: cubic-bezier(0.25, 1, 0.5, 1);     /* Smooth reveal */
  --ease-out-back: cubic-bezier(0.34, 1.56, 0.64, 1);  /* Subtle bounce */
  --ease-in-out-quart: cubic-bezier(0.76, 0, 0.24, 1); /* Elegant transition */
  
  /* Stagger Delays */
  --stagger-fast: 50ms;
  --stagger-normal: 100ms;
  --stagger-slow: 150ms;
  --stagger-slower: 200ms;
  
  /* -------------------------------------------------------------------------
     1.7 Z-INDEX SYSTEM
     ------------------------------------------------------------------------- */
  --z-base: 0;
  --z-dropdown: 100;
  --z-sticky: 200;
  --z-fixed: 300;
  --z-modal-backdrop: 400;
  --z-modal: 500;
  --z-popover: 600;
  --z-tooltip: 700;
  --z-toast: 800;
  --z-max: 9999;
  
  /* -------------------------------------------------------------------------
     1.8 RESPONSIVE BREAKPOINTS
     ------------------------------------------------------------------------- */
  --breakpoint-xs: 20rem;    /* 320px */
  --breakpoint-sm: 40rem;    /* 640px */
  --breakpoint-md: 48rem;    /* 768px */
  --breakpoint-lg: 64rem;    /* 1024px */
  --breakpoint-xl: 80rem;    /* 1280px */
  --breakpoint-2xl: 96rem;   /* 1536px */
}

/* ==========================================================================
   SECTION 2: BASE STYLES & RESET
   ========================================================================== */

/* Import Google Fonts */
@import url('https://fonts.googleapis.com/css2?family=Playfair+Display:ital,wght@0,400;0,500;0,600;0,700;0,800;1,400;1,500;1,600&family=Inter:wght@300;400;500;600;700&family=JetBrains+Mono:wght@400;500&display=swap');

/* Box-sizing reset */
*,
*::before,
*::after {
  box-sizing: border-box;
}

/* Remove default margins */
* {
  margin: 0;
  padding: 0;
}

/* Smooth scrolling */
html {
  scroll-behavior: smooth;
  -webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased;
  -moz-osx-font-smoothing: grayscale;
  text-rendering: optimizeLegibility;
}

/* Body base styles */
body {
  font-family: var(--font-body);
  font-size: var(--text-base);
  font-weight: var(--font-normal);
  line-height: var(--leading-normal);
  color: var(--color-text-primary);
  background-color: var(--color-bg-primary);
}

/* Image handling */
img,
picture,
video,
canvas,
svg {
  display: block;
  max-width: 100%;
  height: auto;
}

/* Form element inheritance */
input,
button,
textarea,
select {
  font: inherit;
}

/* List reset */
ul,
ol {
  list-style: none;
}

/* Link reset */
a {
  color: inherit;
  text-decoration: none;
}

/* ==========================================================================
   SECTION 3: TYPOGRAPHY UTILITIES
   ========================================================================== */

/* Font Families */
.font-heading { font-family: var(--font-heading); }
.font-body { font-family: var(--font-body); }
.font-mono { font-family: var(--font-mono); }

/* Font Sizes */
.text-xs { font-size: var(--text-xs); }
.text-sm { font-size: var(--text-sm); }
.text-base { font-size: var(--text-base); }
.text-lg { font-size: var(--text-lg); }
.text-xl { font-size: var(--text-xl); }
.text-2xl { font-size: var(--text-2xl); }
.text-3xl { font-size: var(--text-3xl); }
.text-4xl { font-size: var(--text-4xl); }
.text-5xl { font-size: var(--text-5xl); }
.text-6xl { font-size: var(--text-6xl); }
.text-7xl { font-size: var(--text-7xl); }

/* Font Weights */
.font-light { font-weight: var(--font-light); }
.font-normal { font-weight: var(--font-normal); }
.font-medium { font-weight: var(--font-medium); }
.font-semibold { font-weight: var(--font-semibold); }
.font-bold { font-weight: var(--font-bold); }
.font-black { font-weight: var(--font-black); }

/* Line Heights */
.leading-none { line-height: var(--leading-none); }
.leading-tight { line-height: var(--leading-tight); }
.leading-snug { line-height: var(--leading-snug); }
.leading-normal { line-height: var(--leading-normal); }
.leading-relaxed { line-height: var(--leading-relaxed); }
.leading-loose { line-height: var(--leading-loose); }

/* Letter Spacing */
.tracking-tighter { letter-spacing: var(--tracking-tighter); }
.tracking-tight { letter-spacing: var(--tracking-tight); }
.tracking-normal { letter-spacing: var(--tracking-normal); }
.tracking-wide { letter-spacing: var(--tracking-wide); }
.tracking-wider { letter-spacing: var(--tracking-wider); }
.tracking-widest { letter-spacing: var(--tracking-widest); }

/* Text Colors */
.text-primary { color: var(--color-text-primary); }
.text-secondary { color: var(--color-text-secondary); }
.text-muted { color: var(--color-text-muted); }
.text-caption { color: var(--color-text-caption); }
.text-accent { color: var(--color-secondary-500); }
.text-accent-green { color: var(--color-accent-500); }

/* ==========================================================================
   SECTION 4: HEADING HIERARCHY
   ========================================================================== */

/* H1 - Page/Chapter Titles */
.heading-1 {
  font-family: var(--font-heading);
  font-size: var(--text-5xl);
  font-weight: var(--font-bold);
  line-height: var(--leading-tight);
  letter-spacing: var(--tracking-tight);
  color: var(--color-primary-900);
}

@media (min-width: 768px) {
  .heading-1 {
    font-size: var(--text-6xl);
  }
}

@media (min-width: 1024px) {
  .heading-1 {
    font-size: var(--text-7xl);
  }
}

/* H2 - Section Headings */
.heading-2 {
  font-family: var(--font-heading);
  font-size: var(--text-3xl);
  font-weight: var(--font-semibold);
  line-height: var(--leading-snug);
  letter-spacing: var(--tracking-tight);
  color: var(--color-primary-800);
}

@media (min-width: 768px) {
  .heading-2 {
    font-size: var(--text-4xl);
  }
}

/* H3 - Subsection Headings */
.heading-3 {
  font-family: var(--font-heading);
  font-size: var(--text-2xl);
  font-weight: var(--font-semibold);
  line-height: var(--leading-snug);
  color: var(--color-primary-700);
}

@media (min-width: 768px) {
  .heading-3 {
    font-size: var(--text-3xl);
  }
}

/* H4 - Card/Component Headings */
.heading-4 {
  font-family: var(--font-heading);
  font-size: var(--text-xl);
  font-weight: var(--font-semibold);
  line-height: var(--leading-snug);
  color: var(--color-primary-700);
}

@media (min-width: 768px) {
  .heading-4 {
    font-size: var(--text-2xl);
  }
}

/* H5 - Small Headings */
.heading-5 {
  font-family: var(--font-body);
  font-size: var(--text-lg);
  font-weight: var(--font-semibold);
  line-height: var(--leading-snug);
  color: var(--color-primary-700);
  letter-spacing: var(--tracking-wide);
  text-transform: uppercase;
}

/* H6 - Labels */
.heading-6 {
  font-family: var(--font-body);
  font-size: var(--text-sm);
  font-weight: var(--font-semibold);
  line-height: var(--leading-normal);
  color: var(--color-text-muted);
  letter-spacing: var(--tracking-widest);
  text-transform: uppercase;
}

/* ==========================================================================
   SECTION 5: BODY TEXT STYLES
   ========================================================================== */

/* Standard Body Text */
.body-text {
  font-family: var(--font-body);
  font-size: var(--text-base);
  font-weight: var(--font-normal);
  line-height: var(--leading-relaxed);
  color: var(--color-text-primary);
}

/* Lead Paragraph - Opening text */
.lead-text {
  font-family: var(--font-body);
  font-size: var(--text-lg);
  font-weight: var(--font-normal);
  line-height: var(--leading-relaxed);
  color: var(--color-text-secondary);
}

@media (min-width: 768px) {
  .lead-text {
    font-size: var(--text-xl);
  }
}

/* Caption/Meta Text */
.caption-text {
  font-family: var(--font-body);
  font-size: var(--text-xs);
  font-weight: var(--font-medium);
  line-height: var(--leading-normal);
  color: var(--color-text-caption);
  letter-spacing: var(--tracking-wide);
  text-transform: uppercase;
}

/* ==========================================================================
   SECTION 6: SPACING UTILITIES
   ========================================================================== */

/* Margin utilities */
.m-0 { margin: var(--space-0); }
.m-1 { margin: var(--space-1); }
.m-2 { margin: var(--space-2); }
.m-3 { margin: var(--space-3); }
.m-4 { margin: var(--space-4); }
.m-5 { margin: var(--space-5); }
.m-6 { margin: var(--space-6); }
.m-8 { margin: var(--space-8); }
.m-10 { margin: var(--space-10); }
.m-12 { margin: var(--space-12); }
.m-16 { margin: var(--space-16); }
.m-20 { margin: var(--space-20); }
.m-24 { margin: var(--space-24); }
.m-auto { margin: auto; }

/* Margin X */
.mx-0 { margin-left: var(--space-0); margin-right: var(--space-0); }
.mx-1 { margin-left: var(--space-1); margin-right: var(--space-1); }
.mx-2 { margin-left: var(--space-2); margin-right: var(--space-2); }
.mx-3 { margin-left: var(--space-3); margin-right: var(--space-3); }
.mx-4 { margin-left: var(--space-4); margin-right: var(--space-4); }
.mx-6 { margin-left: var(--space-6); margin-right: var(--space-6); }
.mx-8 { margin-left: var(--space-8); margin-right: var(--space-8); }
.mx-auto { margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; }

/* Margin Y */
.my-0 { margin-top: var(--space-0); margin-bottom: var(--space-0); }
.my-1 { margin-top: var(--space-1); margin-bottom: var(--space-1); }
.my-2 { margin-top: var(--space-2); margin-bottom: var(--space-2); }
.my-3 { margin-top: var(--space-3); margin-bottom: var(--space-3); }
.my-4 { margin-top: var(--space-4); margin-bottom: var(--space-4); }
.my-6 { margin-top: var(--space-6); margin-bottom: var(--space-6); }
.my-8 { margin-top: var(--space-8); margin-bottom: var(--space-8); }
.my-12 { margin-top: var(--space-12); margin-bottom: var(--space-12); }
.my-16 { margin-top: var(--space-16); margin-bottom: var(--space-16); }
.my-20 { margin-top: var(--space-20); margin-bottom: var(--space-20); }
.my-24 { margin-top: var(--space-24); margin-bottom: var(--space-24); }

/* Padding utilities */
.p-0 { padding: var(--space-0); }
.p-1 { padding: var(--space-1); }
.p-2 { padding: var(--space-2); }
.p-3 { padding: var(--space-3); }
.p-4 { padding: var(--space-4); }
.p-5 { padding: var(--space-5); }
.p-6 { padding: var(--space-6); }
.p-8 { padding: var(--space-8); }
.p-10 { padding: var(--space-10); }
.p-12 { padding: var(--space-12); }
.p-16 { padding: var(--space-16); }
.p-20 { padding: var(--space-20); }
.p-24 { padding: var(--space-24); }

/* Padding X */
.px-4 { padding-left: var(--space-4); padding-right: var(--space-4); }
.px-6 { padding-left: var(--space-6); padding-right: var(--space-6); }
.px-8 { padding-left: var(--space-8); padding-right: var(--space-8); }
.px-12 { padding-left: var(--space-12); padding-right: var(--space-12); }
.px-16 { padding-left: var(--space-16); padding-right: var(--space-16); }

/* Padding Y */
.py-2 { padding-top: var(--space-2); padding-bottom: var(--space-2); }
.py-3 { padding-top: var(--space-3); padding-bottom: var(--space-3); }
.py-4 { padding-top: var(--space-4); padding-bottom: var(--space-4); }
.py-6 { padding-top: var(--space-6); padding-bottom: var(--space-6); }
.py-8 { padding-top: var(--space-8); padding-bottom: var(--space-8); }
.py-12 { padding-top: var(--space-12); padding-bottom: var(--space-12); }
.py-16 { padding-top: var(--space-16); padding-bottom: var(--space-16); }
.py-20 { padding-top: var(--space-20); padding-bottom: var(--space-20); }
.py-24 { padding-top: var(--space-24); padding-bottom: var(--space-24); }

/* ==========================================================================
   SECTION 7: LAYOUT UTILITIES
   ========================================================================== */

/* Container */
.container {
  width: 100%;
  margin-left: auto;
  margin-right: auto;
  padding-left: var(--space-4);
  padding-right: var(--space-4);
}

@media (min-width: 640px) {
  .container {
    max-width: var(--container-5xl);
    padding-left: var(--space-6);
    padding-right: var(--space-6);
  }
}

@media (min-width: 1024px) {
  .container {
    max-width: var(--container-6xl);
    padding-left: var(--space-8);
    padding-right: var(--space-8);
  }
}

@media (min-width: 1280px) {
  .container {
    max-width: var(--container-7xl);
  }
}

/* Container variants */
.container-narrow {
  max-width: var(--content-narrow);
  margin-left: auto;
  margin-right: auto;
}

.container-default {
  max-width: var(--content-default);
  margin-left: auto;
  margin-right: auto;
}

.container-wide {
  max-width: var(--content-wide);
  margin-left: auto;
  margin-right: auto;
}

/* Full bleed */
.full-bleed {
  width: 100vw;
  margin-left: calc(50% - 50vw);
  margin-right: calc(50% - 50vw);
}

/* Grid System */
.grid {
  display: grid;
  gap: var(--grid-gap);
}

.grid-cols-1 { grid-template-columns: repeat(1, minmax(0, 1fr)); }
.grid-cols-2 { grid-template-columns: repeat(2, minmax(0, 1fr)); }
.grid-cols-3 { grid-template-columns: repeat(3, minmax(0, 1fr)); }
.grid-cols-4 { grid-template-columns: repeat(4, minmax(0, 1fr)); }
.grid-cols-12 { grid-template-columns: repeat(12, minmax(0, 1fr)); }

/* Flex utilities */
.flex { display: flex; }
.inline-flex { display: inline-flex; }
.flex-col { flex-direction: column; }
.flex-row { flex-direction: row; }
.flex-wrap { flex-wrap: wrap; }
.flex-nowrap { flex-wrap: nowrap; }

.flex-1 { flex: 1 1 0%; }
.flex-auto { flex: 1 1 auto; }
.flex-none { flex: none; }
.flex-grow { flex-grow: 1; }
.flex-shrink-0 { flex-shrink: 0; }

.items-start { align-items: flex-start; }
.items-center { align-items: center; }
.items-end { align-items: flex-end; }
.items-stretch { align-items: stretch; }

.justify-start { justify-content: flex-start; }
.justify-center { justify-content: center; }
.justify-end { justify-content: flex-end; }
.justify-between { justify-content: space-between; }
.justify-around { justify-content: space-around; }

.gap-1 { gap: var(--space-1); }
.gap-2 { gap: var(--space-2); }
.gap-3 { gap: var(--space-3); }
.gap-4 { gap: var(--space-4); }
.gap-6 { gap: var(--space-6); }
.gap-8 { gap: var(--space-8); }
.gap-12 { gap: var(--space-12); }

/* Display utilities */
.block { display: block; }
.inline-block { display: inline-block; }
.inline { display: inline; }
.hidden { display: none; }

/* Position utilities */
.relative { position: relative; }
.absolute { position: absolute; }
.fixed { position: fixed; }
.sticky { position: sticky; }

/* ==========================================================================
   SECTION 8: EDITORIAL COMPONENT PATTERNS
   ========================================================================== */

/* -------------------------------------------------------------------------
   8.1 Section Header with Chapter Number
   ------------------------------------------------------------------------- */
.section-header {
  position: relative;
  padding-bottom: var(--space-6);
  margin-bottom: var(--space-8);
  border-bottom: var(--border-width) solid var(--color-border-light);
}

.section-header::before {
  content: '';
  position: absolute;
  bottom: -1px;
  left: 0;
  width: 80px;
  height: 3px;
  background: linear-gradient(90deg, var(--color-secondary-500), var(--color-secondary-300));
}

.chapter-number {
  font-family: var(--font-mono);
  font-size: var(--text-sm);
  font-weight: var(--font-medium);
  color: var(--color-secondary-500);
  letter-spacing: var(--tracking-widest);
  text-transform: uppercase;
  margin-bottom: var(--space-3);
}

.chapter-label {
  display: inline-flex;
  align-items: center;
  gap: var(--space-2);
  padding: var(--space-1) var(--space-3);
  background-color: var(--color-secondary-100);
  border-radius: var(--radius-md);
}

.chapter-title {
  font-family: var(--font-heading);
  font-size: var(--text-4xl);
  font-weight: var(--font-bold);
  line-height: var(--leading-tight);
  color: var(--color-primary-900);
  letter-spacing: var(--tracking-tight);
}

@media (min-width: 768px) {
  .chapter-title {
    font-size: var(--text-5xl);
  }
}

.chapter-subtitle {
  font-family: var(--font-body);
  font-size: var(--text-lg);
  font-weight: var(--font-normal);
  line-height: var(--leading-relaxed);
  color: var(--color-text-secondary);
  margin-top: var(--space-4);
  max-width: var(--content-wide);
}

/* -------------------------------------------------------------------------
   8.2 Quote Blocks with Attribution
   ------------------------------------------------------------------------- */
.quote-block {
  position: relative;
  padding: var(--space-8) var(--space-6);
  margin: var(--space-12) 0;
  background-color: var(--color-surface);
  border-left: 4px solid var(--color-secondary-500);
  border-radius: 0 var(--radius-lg) var(--radius-lg) 0;
  box-shadow: var(--shadow-md);
}

@media (min-width: 768px) {
  .quote-block {
    padding: var(--space-10) var(--space-12);
    margin: var(--space-16) 0;
  }
}

.quote-block::before {
  content: '"';
  position: absolute;
  top: var(--space-4);
  left: var(--space-6);
  font-family: var(--font-heading);
  font-size: 6rem;
  font-weight: var(--font-bold);
  color: var(--color-secondary-200);
  line-height: 1;
  opacity: 0.6;
  pointer-events: none;
}

.quote-text {
  font-family: var(--font-heading);
  font-size: var(--text-xl);
  font-weight: var(--font-medium);
  font-style: italic;
  line-height: var(--leading-relaxed);
  color: var(--color-primary-800);
  position: relative;
  z-index: 1;
}

@media (min-width: 768px) {
  .quote-text {
    font-size: var(--text-2xl);
  }
}

.quote-attribution {
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  gap: var(--space-3);
  margin-top: var(--space-6);
  padding-top: var(--space-4);
  border-top: var(--border-width) solid var(--color-border-light);
}

.quote-author {
  font-family: var(--font-body);
  font-size: var(--text-sm);
  font-weight: var(--font-semibold);
  color: var(--color-text-primary);
}

.quote-role {
  font-family: var(--font-body);
  font-size: var(--text-xs);
  color: var(--color-text-muted);
}

.quote-source {
  font-family: var(--font-mono);
  font-size: var(--text-xs);
  color: var(--color-text-caption);
  margin-left: auto;
}

/* Pull Quote (inline with text) */
.pull-quote {
  float: right;
  width: 100%;
  max-width: 300px;
  margin: var(--space-6) 0 var(--space-6) var(--space-8);
  padding: var(--space-6);
  background-color: var(--color-bg-secondary);
  border-top: 3px solid var(--color-secondary-500);
}

@media (max-width: 767px) {
  .pull-quote {
    float: none;
    max-width: 100%;
    margin: var(--space-8) 0;
  }
}

.pull-quote-text {
  font-family: var(--font-heading);
  font-size: var(--text-lg);
  font-style: italic;
  line-height: var(--leading-snug);
  color: var(--color-primary-700);
}

/* -------------------------------------------------------------------------
   8.3 Key Insight Cards
   ------------------------------------------------------------------------- */
.insight-card {
  background-color: var(--color-surface);
  border-radius: var(--radius-lg);
  padding: var(--space-6);
  box-shadow: var(--shadow-md);
  border: var(--border-width) solid var(--color-border-light);
  transition: box-shadow var(--duration-normal) var(--ease-out),
              transform var(--duration-normal) var(--ease-out);
}

@media (min-width: 768px) {
  .insight-card {
    padding: var(--space-8);
  }
}

.insight-card:hover {
  box-shadow: var(--shadow-lg);
  transform: translateY(-2px);
}

.insight-card--highlight {
  border-left: 4px solid var(--color-secondary-500);
}

.insight-card--accent {
  border-left: 4px solid var(--color-accent-500);
  background-color: var(--color-accent-100);
}

.insight-card--info {
  border-left: 4px solid var(--color-info);
  background-color: var(--color-info-light);
}

.insight-label {
  display: inline-flex;
  align-items: center;
  gap: var(--space-2);
  font-family: var(--font-body);
  font-size: var(--text-xs);
  font-weight: var(--font-semibold);
  color: var(--color-secondary-500);
  letter-spacing: var(--tracking-widest);
  text-transform: uppercase;
  margin-bottom: var(--space-3);
}

.insight-title {
  font-family: var(--font-heading);
  font-size: var(--text-xl);
  font-weight: var(--font-semibold);
  line-height: var(--leading-snug);
  color: var(--color-primary-800);
  margin-bottom: var(--space-3);
}

.insight-content {
  font-family: var(--font-body);
  font-size: var(--text-base);
  line-height: var(--leading-relaxed);
  color: var(--color-text-secondary);
}

/* -------------------------------------------------------------------------
   8.4 Timeline Elements
   ------------------------------------------------------------------------- */
.timeline {
  position: relative;
  padding-left: var(--space-8);
}

@media (min-width: 768px) {
  .timeline {
    padding-left: var(--space-12);
  }
}

.timeline::before {
  content: '';
  position: absolute;
  left: 0;
  top: 0;
  bottom: 0;
  width: 2px;
  background: linear-gradient(
    180deg,
    var(--color-secondary-500) 0%,
    var(--color-secondary-300) 50%,
    var(--color-border-light) 100%
  );
}

.timeline .timeline-item {
  position: relative;
  padding-bottom: var(--space-8);
}

@media (min-width: 768px) {
  .timeline .timeline-item {
    padding-bottom: var(--space-12);
  }
}

.timeline .timeline-item::before {
  content: '';
  position: absolute;
  left: calc(-1 * var(--space-8) - 5px);
  top: var(--space-1);
  width: 12px;
  height: 12px;
  background-color: var(--color-surface);
  border: 3px solid var(--color-secondary-500);
  border-radius: var(--radius-full);
}

@media (min-width: 768px) {
  .timeline .timeline-item::before {
    left: calc(-1 * var(--space-12) - 5px);
  }
}

.timeline .timeline-item--milestone::before {
  width: 16px;
  height: 16px;
  left: calc(-1 * var(--space-8) - 7px);
  background-color: var(--color-secondary-500);
}

@media (min-width: 768px) {
  .timeline .timeline-item--milestone::before {
    left: calc(-1 * var(--space-12) - 7px);
  }
}

.timeline-date {
  font-family: var(--font-mono);
  font-size: var(--text-sm);
  font-weight: var(--font-medium);
  color: var(--color-secondary-500);
  letter-spacing: var(--tracking-wide);
  margin-bottom: var(--space-2);
}

.timeline-title {
  font-family: var(--font-heading);
  font-size: var(--text-lg);
  font-weight: var(--font-semibold);
  color: var(--color-primary-800);
  margin-bottom: var(--space-2);
}

.timeline-content {
  font-family: var(--font-body);
  font-size: var(--text-base);
  line-height: var(--leading-relaxed);
  color: var(--color-text-secondary);
}

/* -------------------------------------------------------------------------
   8.5 Statistics/Data Highlights
   ------------------------------------------------------------------------- */
.stat-card {
  display: flex;
  flex-direction: column;
  align-items: flex-start;
  padding: var(--space-6);
  background-color: var(--color-surface);
  border-radius: var(--radius-lg);
  box-shadow: var(--shadow-sm);
  border: var(--border-width) solid var(--color-border-light);
}

.stat-value {
  font-family: var(--font-heading);
  font-size: var(--text-4xl);
  font-weight: var(--font-bold);
  line-height: var(--leading-none);
  color: var(--color-primary-900);
  margin-bottom: var(--space-2);
}

.stat-value--accent {
  color: var(--color-secondary-500);
}

.stat-value--green {
  color: var(--color-accent-500);
}

.stat-label {
  font-family: var(--font-body);
  font-size: var(--text-sm);
  font-weight: var(--font-medium);
  color: var(--color-text-muted);
  text-transform: uppercase;
  letter-spacing: var(--tracking-wide);
}

.stat-context {
  font-family: var(--font-body);
  font-size: var(--text-xs);
  color: var(--color-text-caption);
  margin-top: var(--space-2);
}

/* Large Featured Stat */
.stat-featured {
  text-align: center;
  padding: var(--space-12) var(--space-8);
  background: linear-gradient(135deg, var(--color-primary-900) 0%, var(--color-primary-800) 100%);
  border-radius: var(--radius-xl);
}

.stat-featured-value {
  font-family: var(--font-heading);
  font-size: var(--text-6xl);
  font-weight: var(--font-bold);
  line-height: var(--leading-none);
  color: var(--color-surface);
  margin-bottom: var(--space-4);
}

@media (min-width: 768px) {
  .stat-featured-value {
    font-size: var(--text-7xl);
  }
}

.stat-featured-label {
  font-family: var(--font-body);
  font-size: var(--text-lg);
  font-weight: var(--font-medium);
  color: var(--color-primary-300);
  letter-spacing: var(--tracking-wide);
  text-transform: uppercase;
}

/* -------------------------------------------------------------------------
   8.6 Source Citations
   ------------------------------------------------------------------------- */
.citation {
  display: inline-flex;
  align-items: center;
  gap: var(--space-1);
  font-family: var(--font-mono);
  font-size: var(--text-xs);
  color: var(--color-text-caption);
  vertical-align: super;
  cursor: pointer;
  transition: color var(--duration-fast) var(--ease-out);
}

.citation:hover {
  color: var(--color-secondary-500);
}

.source-list {
  margin-top: var(--space-12);
  padding-top: var(--space-8);
  border-top: var(--border-width) solid var(--color-border-light);
}

.source-list-title {
  font-family: var(--font-body);
  font-size: var(--text-sm);
  font-weight: var(--font-semibold);
  color: var(--color-text-muted);
  letter-spacing: var(--tracking-widest);
  text-transform: uppercase;
  margin-bottom: var(--space-4);
}

.source-item {
  display: flex;
  gap: var(--space-3);
  padding: var(--space-3) 0;
  border-bottom: var(--border-width) solid var(--color-border-light);
}

.source-number {
  font-family: var(--font-mono);
  font-size: var(--text-xs);
  font-weight: var(--font-medium);
  color: var(--color-secondary-600);
  flex-shrink: 0;
}

.source-text {
  font-family: var(--font-body);
  font-size: var(--text-sm);
  line-height: var(--leading-relaxed);
  color: var(--color-text-secondary);
}

.source-link {
  color: var(--color-info);
  text-decoration: underline;
  text-underline-offset: 2px;
}

.source-link:hover {
  color: var(--color-secondary-500);
}

/* -------------------------------------------------------------------------
   8.7 Navigation Elements
   ------------------------------------------------------------------------- */
.nav-header {
  position: fixed;
  top: 0;
  left: 0;
  right: 0;
  z-index: var(--z-fixed);
  background-color: rgba(250, 249, 247, 0.95);
  backdrop-filter: blur(8px);
  border-bottom: var(--border-width) solid var(--color-border-light);
  transition: background-color var(--duration-normal) var(--ease-out),
              box-shadow var(--duration-normal) var(--ease-out);
}

.nav-header--scrolled {
  background-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.98);
  box-shadow: var(--shadow-md);
}

.nav-container {
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  justify-content: space-between;
  height: 64px;
  padding: 0 var(--space-4);
}

@media (min-width: 768px) {
  .nav-container {
    height: 72px;
    padding: 0 var(--space-6);
  }
}

.nav-logo {
  font-family: var(--font-heading);
  font-size: var(--text-lg);
  font-weight: var(--font-bold);
  color: var(--color-primary-900);
  letter-spacing: var(--tracking-tight);
}

.nav-links {
  display: none;
  align-items: center;
  gap: var(--space-8);
}

@media (min-width: 768px) {
  .nav-links {
    display: flex;
  }
}

.nav-link {
  font-family: var(--font-body);
  font-size: var(--text-sm);
  font-weight: var(--font-medium);
  color: var(--color-text-secondary);
  transition: color var(--duration-fast) var(--ease-out);
  position: relative;
}

.nav-link::after {
  content: '';
  position: absolute;
  bottom: -4px;
  left: 0;
  width: 0;
  height: 2px;
  background-color: var(--color-secondary-500);
  transition: width var(--duration-normal) var(--ease-out-expo);
}

.nav-link:hover {
  color: var(--color-primary-900);
}

.nav-link:hover::after {
  width: 100%;
}

.nav-link--active {
  color: var(--color-primary-900);
}

.nav-link--active::after {
  width: 100%;
}

/* Progress Indicator */
.progress-bar {
  position: fixed;
  top: 0;
  left: 0;
  height: 3px;
  background: linear-gradient(90deg, var(--color-secondary-500), var(--color-secondary-300));
  z-index: var(--z-max);
  transform-origin: left;
  transform: scaleX(0);
}

/* Table of Contents (Sticky Sidebar) */
.toc-sidebar {
  position: sticky;
  top: 100px;
  padding: var(--space-6);
  background-color: var(--color-surface);
  border-radius: var(--radius-lg);
  box-shadow: var(--shadow-sm);
  border: var(--border-width) solid var(--color-border-light);
}

.toc-title {
  font-family: var(--font-body);
  font-size: var(--text-xs);
  font-weight: var(--font-semibold);
  color: var(--color-text-muted);
  letter-spacing: var(--tracking-widest);
  text-transform: uppercase;
  margin-bottom: var(--space-4);
}

.toc-list {
  display: flex;
  flex-direction: column;
  gap: var(--space-2);
}

.toc-item {
  font-family: var(--font-body);
  font-size: var(--text-sm);
  color: var(--color-text-secondary);
  padding: var(--space-2) var(--space-3);
  border-radius: var(--radius-md);
  transition: all var(--duration-fast) var(--ease-out);
  cursor: pointer;
}

.toc-item:hover {
  background-color: var(--color-bg-secondary);
  color: var(--color-primary-800);
}

.toc-item--active {
  background-color: var(--color-secondary-100);
  color: var(--color-secondary-600);
  font-weight: var(--font-medium);
}

/* ==========================================================================
   SECTION 9: ANIMATION UTILITIES & PATTERNS
   ========================================================================== */

/* -------------------------------------------------------------------------
   9.1 Scroll-Triggered Animation Base Classes
   
   These classes work with GSAP ScrollTrigger
   ------------------------------------------------------------------------- */

/* Fade animations */
.animate-fade {
  opacity: 0;
  will-change: opacity;
}

.animate-fade-up {
  opacity: 0;
  transform: translateY(30px);
  will-change: opacity, transform;
}

.animate-fade-down {
  opacity: 0;
  transform: translateY(-30px);
  will-change: opacity, transform;
}

.animate-fade-left {
  opacity: 0;
  transform: translateX(30px);
  will-change: opacity, transform;
}

.animate-fade-right {
  opacity: 0;
  transform: translateX(-30px);
  will-change: opacity, transform;
}

.animate-scale {
  opacity: 0;
  transform: scale(0.95);
  will-change: opacity, transform;
}

/* Animation states (applied via JS when visible) */
.is-visible {
  opacity: 1;
  transform: none;
  transition: opacity var(--duration-slow) var(--ease-out-expo),
              transform var(--duration-slow) var(--ease-out-expo);
}

/* Stagger delays for child elements */
.stagger-children > *:nth-child(1) { transition-delay: calc(var(--stagger-normal) * 0); }
.stagger-children > *:nth-child(2) { transition-delay: calc(var(--stagger-normal) * 1); }
.stagger-children > *:nth-child(3) { transition-delay: calc(var(--stagger-normal) * 2); }
.stagger-children > *:nth-child(4) { transition-delay: calc(var(--stagger-normal) * 3); }
.stagger-children > *:nth-child(5) { transition-delay: calc(var(--stagger-normal) * 4); }
.stagger-children > *:nth-child(6) { transition-delay: calc(var(--stagger-normal) * 5); }

/* -------------------------------------------------------------------------
   9.2 Text Reveal Animations
   ------------------------------------------------------------------------- */

/* Character-by-character reveal container */
.text-reveal {
  overflow: hidden;
}

.text-reveal-inner {
  display: inline-block;
  transform: translateY(100%);
  will-change: transform;
}

.text-reveal-inner.is-visible {
  transform: translateY(0);
  transition: transform var(--duration-slower) var(--ease-out-expo);
}

/* Word-by-word reveal */
.word-reveal {
  overflow: hidden;
  display: inline;
}

.word-reveal-word {
  display: inline-block;
  opacity: 0;
  transform: translateY(20px);
  will-change: opacity, transform;
}

.word-reveal-word.is-visible {
  opacity: 1;
  transform: translateY(0);
}

/* -------------------------------------------------------------------------
   9.3 Card Entrance Effects
   ------------------------------------------------------------------------- */

.card-entrance {
  opacity: 0;
  transform: translateY(40px) scale(0.98);
  will-change: opacity, transform;
}

.card-entrance.is-visible {
  opacity: 1;
  transform: translateY(0) scale(1);
  transition: opacity var(--duration-slow) var(--ease-out-expo),
              transform var(--duration-slow) var(--ease-out-expo);
}

/* Staggered card grid */
.card-grid-stagger > * {
  opacity: 0;
  transform: translateY(30px);
  will-change: opacity, transform;
}

.card-grid-stagger.is-visible > *:nth-child(1) { 
  opacity: 1; 
  transform: translateY(0); 
  transition: all var(--duration-slow) var(--ease-out-expo) calc(var(--stagger-normal) * 0);
}
.card-grid-stagger.is-visible > *:nth-child(2) { 
  opacity: 1; 
  transform: translateY(0); 
  transition: all var(--duration-slow) var(--ease-out-expo) calc(var(--stagger-normal) * 1);
}
.card-grid-stagger.is-visible > *:nth-child(3) { 
  opacity: 1; 
  transform: translateY(0); 
  transition: all var(--duration-slow) var(--ease-out-expo) calc(var(--stagger-normal) * 2);
}
.card-grid-stagger.is-visible > *:nth-child(4) { 
  opacity: 1; 
  transform: translateY(0); 
  transition: all var(--duration-slow) var(--ease-out-expo) calc(var(--stagger-normal) * 3);
}

/* -------------------------------------------------------------------------
   9.4 Timeline Animations
   ------------------------------------------------------------------------- */

/* Opt-in timeline reveal animation (add `timeline-animate` on .timeline) */
.timeline.timeline-animate .timeline-item {
  opacity: 0;
  transform: translateX(-20px);
  will-change: opacity, transform;
}

.timeline.timeline-animate .timeline-item.is-visible {
  opacity: 1;
  transform: translateX(0);
  transition: all var(--duration-slow) var(--ease-out-expo);
}

/* Timeline line draw animation */
.timeline.timeline-animate::before {
  transform: scaleY(0);
  transform-origin: top;
  will-change: transform;
}

.timeline.timeline-animate.is-visible::before {
  transform: scaleY(1);
  transition: transform var(--duration-slowest) var(--ease-out-quart);
}

/* -------------------------------------------------------------------------
   9.5 Hover Transitions
   ------------------------------------------------------------------------- */

/* Link hover underline */
.link-underline {
  position: relative;
  display: inline-block;
}

.link-underline::after {
  content: '';
  position: absolute;
  bottom: -2px;
  left: 0;
  width: 0;
  height: 1px;
  background-color: currentColor;
  transition: width var(--duration-normal) var(--ease-out-expo);
}

.link-underline:hover::after {
  width: 100%;
}

/* Button hover lift */
.btn-hover-lift {
  transition: transform var(--duration-fast) var(--ease-out),
              box-shadow var(--duration-fast) var(--ease-out);
}

.btn-hover-lift:hover {
  transform: translateY(-2px);
  box-shadow: var(--shadow-lg);
}

/* Card hover scale */
.card-hover-scale {
  transition: transform var(--duration-normal) var(--ease-out),
              box-shadow var(--duration-normal) var(--ease-out);
}

.card-hover-scale:hover {
  transform: scale(1.02);
  box-shadow: var(--shadow-xl);
}

/* Image hover zoom */
.img-hover-zoom {
  overflow: hidden;
}

.img-hover-zoom img {
  transition: transform var(--duration-slow) var(--ease-out);
}

.img-hover-zoom:hover img {
  transform: scale(1.05);
}

/* -------------------------------------------------------------------------
   9.6 Parallax Layer Speeds
   
   Use these with GSAP parallax - different speeds create depth
   ------------------------------------------------------------------------- */

.parallax-slow { --parallax-speed: 0.3; }
.parallax-normal { --parallax-speed: 0.5; }
.parallax-fast { --parallax-speed: 0.7; }
.parallax-foreground { --parallax-speed: 1.0; }

/* ==========================================================================
   SECTION 10: HERO SECTION PATTERNS
   ========================================================================== */

.hero {
  position: relative;
  min-height: 100vh;
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  justify-content: center;
  padding: var(--space-20) var(--space-6);
  background: linear-gradient(
    180deg,
    var(--color-bg-primary) 0%,
    var(--color-bg-secondary) 100%
  );
  overflow: hidden;
}

.hero-content {
  position: relative;
  z-index: 10;
  text-align: center;
  max-width: var(--container-4xl);
}

.hero-eyebrow {
  font-family: var(--font-mono);
  font-size: var(--text-sm);
  font-weight: var(--font-medium);
  color: var(--color-secondary-500);
  letter-spacing: var(--tracking-widest);
  text-transform: uppercase;
  margin-bottom: var(--space-6);
}

.hero-title {
  font-family: var(--font-heading);
  font-size: var(--text-4xl);
  font-weight: var(--font-bold);
  line-height: var(--leading-tight);
  letter-spacing: var(--tracking-tight);
  color: var(--color-primary-900);
  margin-bottom: var(--space-6);
}

@media (min-width: 768px) {
  .hero-title {
    font-size: var(--text-5xl);
  }
}

@media (min-width: 1024px) {
  .hero-title {
    font-size: var(--text-6xl);
  }
}

.hero-subtitle {
  font-family: var(--font-body);
  font-size: var(--text-lg);
  font-weight: var(--font-normal);
  line-height: var(--leading-relaxed);
  color: var(--color-text-secondary);
  max-width: var(--content-default);
  margin: 0 auto var(--space-10);
}

@media (min-width: 768px) {
  .hero-subtitle {
    font-size: var(--text-xl);
  }
}

.hero-meta {
  display: flex;
  flex-wrap: wrap;
  justify-content: center;
  gap: var(--space-6);
  font-family: var(--font-body);
  font-size: var(--text-sm);
  color: var(--color-text-muted);
}

.hero-meta-item {
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  gap: var(--space-2);
}

/* Hero decorative elements */
.hero-decoration {
  position: absolute;
  pointer-events: none;
}

.hero-decoration--top-right {
  top: 10%;
  right: 5%;
  width: 300px;
  height: 300px;
  background: radial-gradient(circle, var(--color-secondary-200) 0%, transparent 70%);
  opacity: 0.5;
  border-radius: var(--radius-full);
}

.hero-decoration--bottom-left {
  bottom: 10%;
  left: 5%;
  width: 200px;
  height: 200px;
  background: radial-gradient(circle, var(--color-accent-200) 0%, transparent 70%);
  opacity: 0.4;
  border-radius: var(--radius-full);
}

/* ==========================================================================
   SECTION 11: RESPONSIVE BREAKPOINTS
   ========================================================================== */

/* Small screens (mobile) */
@media (max-width: 639px) {
  .hide-mobile { display: none !important; }
  
  .heading-1 { font-size: var(--text-3xl); }
  .heading-2 { font-size: var(--text-2xl); }
  .heading-3 { font-size: var(--text-xl); }
  
  .section-header {
    padding-bottom: var(--space-4);
    margin-bottom: var(--space-6);
  }
  
  .quote-block {
    padding: var(--space-6) var(--space-4);
    margin: var(--space-8) 0;
  }
  
  .quote-block::before {
    font-size: 4rem;
  }
  
  .quote-text {
    font-size: var(--text-lg);
  }
}

/* Medium screens (tablet) */
@media (min-width: 640px) and (max-width: 1023px) {
  .hide-tablet { display: none !important; }
}

/* Large screens (desktop) */
@media (min-width: 1024px) {
  .hide-desktop { display: none !important; }
  
  /* Two-column layout for dense content */
  .content-two-col {
    column-count: 2;
    column-gap: var(--space-12);
  }
  
  .content-two-col p {
    break-inside: avoid;
    margin-bottom: var(--space-4);
  }
}

/* Extra large screens */
@media (min-width: 1280px) {
  .container {
    padding-left: var(--space-12);
    padding-right: var(--space-12);
  }
}

/* ==========================================================================
   SECTION 12: UTILITY CLASSES
   ========================================================================== */

/* Width utilities */
.w-full { width: 100%; }
.w-auto { width: auto; }
.w-1\/2 { width: 50%; }
.w-1\/3 { width: 33.333333%; }
.w-2\/3 { width: 66.666667%; }
.w-1\/4 { width: 25%; }
.w-3\/4 { width: 75%; }

/* Height utilities */
.h-full { height: 100%; }
.h-auto { height: auto; }
.h-screen { height: 100vh; }
.h-min-screen { min-height: 100vh; }

/* Max width utilities */
.max-w-none { max-width: none; }
.max-w-xs { max-width: var(--container-xs); }
.max-w-sm { max-width: var(--container-sm); }
.max-w-md { max-width: var(--container-md); }
.max-w-lg { max-width: var(--container-lg); }
.max-w-xl { max-width: var(--container-xl); }
.max-w-2xl { max-width: var(--container-2xl); }
.max-w-3xl { max-width: var(--container-3xl); }
.max-w-4xl { max-width: var(--container-4xl); }
.max-w-5xl { max-width: var(--container-5xl); }
.max-w-6xl { max-width: var(--container-6xl); }
.max-w-7xl { max-width: var(--container-7xl); }
.max-w-full { max-width: 100%; }

/* Overflow utilities */
.overflow-auto { overflow: auto; }
.overflow-hidden { overflow: hidden; }
.overflow-visible { overflow: visible; }
.overflow-scroll { overflow: scroll; }

/* Border utilities */
.border { border: var(--border-width) solid var(--color-border-light); }
.border-t { border-top: var(--border-width) solid var(--color-border-light); }
.border-b { border-bottom: var(--border-width) solid var(--color-border-light); }
.border-l { border-left: var(--border-width) solid var(--color-border-light); }
.border-r { border-right: var(--border-width) solid var(--color-border-light); }

.border-none { border: none; }

/* Border radius utilities */
.rounded-none { border-radius: var(--radius-none); }
.rounded-sm { border-radius: var(--radius-sm); }
.rounded-md { border-radius: var(--radius-md); }
.rounded-lg { border-radius: var(--radius-lg); }
.rounded-xl { border-radius: var(--radius-xl); }
.rounded-2xl { border-radius: var(--radius-2xl); }
.rounded-3xl { border-radius: var(--radius-3xl); }
.rounded-full { border-radius: var(--radius-full); }

/* Shadow utilities */
.shadow-none { box-shadow: none; }
.shadow-sm { box-shadow: var(--shadow-sm); }
.shadow-md { box-shadow: var(--shadow-md); }
.shadow-lg { box-shadow: var(--shadow-lg); }
.shadow-xl { box-shadow: var(--shadow-xl); }
.shadow-2xl { box-shadow: var(--shadow-2xl); }
.shadow-inner { box-shadow: var(--shadow-inner); }

/* Background utilities */
.bg-primary { background-color: var(--color-bg-primary); }
.bg-secondary { background-color: var(--color-bg-secondary); }
.bg-tertiary { background-color: var(--color-bg-tertiary); }
.bg-surface { background-color: var(--color-surface); }

/* Text alignment */
.text-left { text-align: left; }
.text-center { text-align: center; }
.text-right { text-align: right; }
.text-justify { text-align: justify; }

/* Vertical alignment */
.align-baseline { vertical-align: baseline; }
.align-top { vertical-align: top; }
.align-middle { vertical-align: middle; }
.align-bottom { vertical-align: bottom; }

/* Cursor utilities */
.cursor-auto { cursor: auto; }
.cursor-default { cursor: default; }
.cursor-pointer { cursor: pointer; }
.cursor-not-allowed { cursor: not-allowed; }

/* Pointer events */
.pointer-events-none { pointer-events: none; }
.pointer-events-auto { pointer-events: auto; }

/* Visibility */
.visible { visibility: visible; }
.invisible { visibility: hidden; }

/* Opacity utilities */
.opacity-0 { opacity: 0; }
.opacity-25 { opacity: 0.25; }
.opacity-50 { opacity: 0.5; }
.opacity-75 { opacity: 0.75; }
.opacity-100 { opacity: 1; }

/* ==========================================================================
   SECTION 13: PRINT STYLES
   ========================================================================== */

@media print {
  .no-print { display: none !important; }
  
  body {
    background: white;
    color: black;
  }
  
  .hero {
    min-height: auto;
    padding: 2rem 0;
  }
  
  .nav-header,
  .progress-bar,
  .toc-sidebar {
    display: none;
  }
  
  .quote-block {
    break-inside: avoid;
    box-shadow: none;
    border: 1px solid #ccc;
  }
  
  .insight-card {
    box-shadow: none;
    border: 1px solid #ccc;
  }
  
  a {
    text-decoration: underline;
  }
  
  a[href]::after {
    content: " (" attr(href) ")";
    font-size: 0.8em;
    color: #666;
  }
}

/* ==========================================================================
   SECTION 14: ACCESSIBILITY
   ========================================================================== */

/* Reduced motion preference */
@media (prefers-reduced-motion: reduce) {
  *,
  *::before,
  *::after {
    animation-duration: 0.01ms !important;
    animation-iteration-count: 1 !important;
    transition-duration: 0.01ms !important;
    scroll-behavior: auto !important;
  }
  
  .animate-fade,
  .animate-fade-up,
  .animate-fade-down,
  .animate-fade-left,
  .animate-fade-right,
  .animate-scale,
  .card-entrance,
  .timeline-item {
    opacity: 1;
    transform: none;
  }
}

/* Focus styles */
:focus-visible {
  outline: 2px solid var(--color-secondary-500);
  outline-offset: 2px;
}

/* Skip link for keyboard navigation */
.skip-link {
  position: absolute;
  top: -100%;
  left: 50%;
  transform: translateX(-50%);
  padding: var(--space-3) var(--space-6);
  background-color: var(--color-primary-900);
  color: white;
  font-family: var(--font-body);
  font-size: var(--text-sm);
  font-weight: var(--font-medium);
  border-radius: var(--radius-md);
  z-index: var(--z-max);
  transition: top var(--duration-fast) var(--ease-out);
}

.skip-link:focus {
  top: var(--space-4);
}

/* Screen reader only */
.sr-only {
  position: absolute;
  width: 1px;
  height: 1px;
  padding: 0;
  margin: -1px;
  overflow: hidden;
  clip: rect(0, 0, 0, 0);
  white-space: nowrap;
  border: 0;
}